Encephalomyelitis associated with coronavirus disease 2019: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Despite a considerable number of articles regarding neurological manifestations associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, reports on transverse myelitis and encephalitis are scarce. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a 35-year-old Asian Arab female presenting with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis within 3 weeks after being diagnosed with mild coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Administration of high-dose methylprednisolone led to significant clinical improvement. However, 2 days after discharge, the patient was readmitted with encephalitis manifestations, consisting of fever and loss of consciousness, along with deterioration in myelitis symptoms. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody was detected in cerebrospinal fluid, but DNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was not found. Clinical recovery was achieved after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin. CONCLUSION: Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis can be a neurological manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 and can be followed by encephalomyelitis episodes. High-dose steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin as an immunomodulator are possible effective treatment options.

Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Socioeconomic Conditions of People Living with HIV in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of people living with HIV (PLWH) during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pandemic's impact on their socioeconomic conditions, antiretroviral adherence, and worries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May-August 2020 at the Integrated HIV Center of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia. The data were collected using an online questionnaire and an offline paper-based questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 545 subjects participated in this study, 72.8% (397) of which were male. Most subjects were middle-aged (36-55 years old) (66.5%). Many subjects reported to have experienced reduced incomes (49.2%) or losses of income (22.4%), while 15.6% reported losing their job during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most subjects (97%) wished to continue treatment despite the many obstacles, and the subjects' knowledge about COVID-19 and its prevention was considerably good. More than 70% of subjects reported that they have been implementing the general precautions of the COVID-19 pandemic: maintaining distance, wearing a mask, washing hands, and avoiding crowds. CONCLUSION: This study provides an overview of what PLWH are experiencing, which will allow for policy-making that can help them continue their treatment with consideration of the possibility of having to live a "new normal" future.